Crowning device for roll-grinding machines



Aug. 21, 1928.

P. STONER CiROWNING DE VICE FOR ROLL GRINDING MACHINES 7 sheets-sheet 1 Filed Feb. 25, 1926 IN VEN TOR.

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Aug. 21, 1928.

P. STONER CROWNING DEVICE FOR ROLL GRINDING MACHINES Filed Feb. 25, 1926 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 M T. m m

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P. STONER CROWNING DEVICE FOR ROLL GRINDING MACHINES 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VEN TOR.

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Aug. 21, 1928.

P. STONER CROWNING DEVICE FOR ROLL GRINDING MACHINES Filed Feb. 25, 1925 7 Shgets-Sheet 4 IN VEN TOR.

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Aug. 21, 1928.

P. STONEIR CROWNING DEVICE FOR ROLL GRINDING MACHINES 7' Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 25, 1926 IN V EN TOR.

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A ORNEX Aug. 21, 1928.

P. STONER CROWNING DEVICE FOR ROLL GRINDING MACHINES Filed Feb. 25, 1926 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 IN V EN TOR. B4UL 570N579.

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P. STONER CROWNING DEVICE FOR ROLL GRINDING MACHINES Aug. 21, 1928. 1,681,794

Filed Feb. 25, 1926 7 Sheets-sheet 7 I INVEN TOR. 131UL STONE/a.

A TTORNEYS.

Patented Aug 21, 1928.

UNITED STATES.

1,681,794 PATENT OFFICE.

PA'O'L STONER, OF WAYNESBOBO, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO LANDIS TOOL COM- PANY, OF WAYNESBORO. PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CROWNING DEVICE FOR ROLL-GRINDING MACHINES.

Application filed February 25, 1926. Serial No. 90,641.

My said invention relates to a crowning and concaving device for roll grinding machines and it is an objectof the same to improve the action of-a. grinding wheel in producing concave or convex surfaces on cylindrical work with particular reference to such work as mill rolls ofthe sort used in steel mills.

Referring to the accompanying drawings which are made a part hereof and on which similar reference characters indicate similar parts,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine showing the general arrangement of the wheel base with the grinding wheel in contact with the work,

Fig. 2, a front elevation of a roll with a concave surface,

. Fig. 3, a sectional front elevation of the wheel base showing the general arrangement of the mechanism for crowning or concaving a roll,

Fig. 4, a. sectional side elevation of the gear change for the lifting cams,

Fig. 5, an end view of the wheel base showing the grinding wheel in a position below the work center, i. e., a horizontal plane passing through the axis of the work,

Fig. 6, an end view of the wheel base showing the grinding wheel in position above the work center,

Fig. 7, a detail of parts shown in Fig. 1 on a much enlarged scale.

' Figure 8, a side elevation of the machne with certain parts broken away to show the internal structure, and

Figure 9, a partial plan view of the machine with certain parts broken away to show the internal structure of the machine.

In the drawings reference character 10 indicates the fixed bed or base of the machine which provides a support for the working parts. A support 11 is movably mounted on the base and is provided with means of any suitable or' conventional character for supporting and rotating the work 12, here shown as consisting of a mill roll of the character above referred to.

At the rear of the work holding devices the bed is provided with a wheel carriage 13 which may be generally similar to that shown in my copending application No. 681,607. filed December 19, 1923, now Patent No. 1,609,217, being provided with suitable means for moving t lengthwise of the work riage supporting amotor 16 for driving the wheel 17.

The rotor of the motor is connected to the shaft 18 of the grinding wheel by means of a belt 19 passing over a pulley 20 on said wheel sha t, said belt also passing over an idler 21 by means of which the tension of the belt may be adjusted and over a pulley 22 on a shaft 23. The shaft 23 carries a sprocket connected to another sprocket 23 (Fig. 3) on a shaft-section 24 by means of a sprocket chain 25 for driving the shaft 24. The shaft-section 24 is connected by a flexible coupling 31 to a shaft-section 32, which in turn is connected by a flexible coupling 33 to a worm, said worm driving the reversing mechanism for the wheel carriage. A shaft 28, has at its lower end a gear 56 which engages a spiral gear 57 on a shaft 58. The shaft 58 has a worm 63 fixed thereto which engages the fixed rack 26 (Fig. 1) and so drives the traversing carriage by way of the train of mechanism described. The last-named parts are protected by a gear cas ng 30. A slide base 34 is supported on the reciprocating carriage 13 for movementtoward and from the work. The slide base is provided with means (not shown) by means of which it may be moved quickly into and out of operative position relatively to the work.

A sub-base 35 is supported on the slide the wheel to set the same in proper operative relation to the work and to compensate for wear. A wheel base 37 is pivoted at 38 on the sub-base 35 and the wheel base may be moved about the pivot in order to bring the wheel temporarily out of relation to the work and in order to produce acrowning or concaving effect on the work or to vary the same.

The wheel base is provided at its forward end underneath the grinding wheel shaft with rollers 39 adapted to act as followers for either pair of two pairs of cams 40 and 41 arranged along a cam shaft 42. For moving the followers into operative relation with either one of said cams I have rovided means comprising a shaft 43 journaled in the wheel base and carrying at opposite base by means of'guides 36 for adjustment of ends sleeves 44 with helical cam grooves 45 at their inner ends. These sleeves are splined to the shaft 43 which is provided with a lever 47 for rotating it. Followers in the form of pins 48 fixed to the wheel base engage the cam grooves 45 in the. sleeves. It will be obvious from this that" when the shaft 43 is rotated in one direction or the other the sleeves will turn with it and the cam grooves will force the sleeves to move lengthwise of the shaft so as to carry the followers 39 from the' cams 40 to the cams 41, or vice versa, the position of the lever for-concaving being indicated in full lines in Fig. 7,, while that for crowning is indicated in broken lines.

The followers 39, of course, cannot well move from one cam to the other without first being lifted ofi the cams. For this purpose a pair of blocks 49 are provided adjacent the inner ends of the sleeves and these blocks are fast to a shaft 50 which also bears a handle 51 for operating the blocks. "When the followers are to be moved from one cam to the other, the camshaft is turned to a position where the base is raised sufiiciently so thatthesupport blocks can be brought to their lowermost position by turning the lever51, without interference with the movement of said blocks. When this has been done the wheel base is lowered, so as to put the weight of the wheel base on the blocks. When'the cam shaft is now turned further,

the cams will be relieved of the weight of the rollers and the followerscan be shifted from one set of cams to another. It will be understood fromFigure 7 that the support blocks 49 and the lever 5i have been 1 moved in this operation from the solid line position of the lever and the heavy broken line position of the support blocks to the light broken line position of the support blocks and the corresponding broken line position. of the lever.

The sleeves 44 having now been actuated to bring the followers out of operative relation to one set of cams and into operative relation with the other, the cam shaft is now turned again to lift the weight of the Wheel base off the support blocks, whereupon these may be moved from the position shown in light broken lines to the position in heavy broken lines by an operation the reverse of that first described.

In grinding convex rollers the wheel base is moved on its pivot 38 to move the line of contact between the wheel and the work from a point above a horizontal plane passing through the axis of the work and the pivot of the wheel-base to a point below such plane and back again. This change of relation is produced by means of the cams 40 V and 41 acting on the followers 39 as the shaft 42 rotates. To produce such action the shaft 42 is driven by means of a worm wheel -52 nesnvea meshing with a Worm gear 53 on a shaft 54. The shaft 54 is operated by change speed gearing shown in detail in Fig. 4 which change speed gearing is driven in timed relation with the carriage reciprocating mechanism by means comprising the shaft 28 (Figs. 1 and 3), gear 56, gear 57 on shaft 58, beveled gears and 59 located respectively on shafts 58 and 60, a beveled gear 59 on shaft 60 and a beveled gear 61 on a shaft 62 which is the drive shaft of the change speed gearing.

The change speed gearing comprises a drive shaft 62, a back gear 64, and an intermediate shaft 65. The drive shaft and intermediate shaft have gears meshing with each other in constant relation and the back gear shaft has a shiftable gear 66 adapted to be moved into engagement with either of the two gears 67 and 68 on the drive shaft by means of a shifter 69. A gear 70 on the intermediate shaft is adapted to be placed either on this shaft or on the back gear shaft, said gear meshing with a gear 71 and gear 71 may also be placed .on either shaft 64;and 65, the gear 70 being then located on shaft 62. The intermediate shaft carries a gear 72 movable into and out of engagement with a gear 73 on a shaft 54 by means of a shifter fork 7 5 operated by a lever 76, Fig. 1. By moving this lever the change gearing is disconnected which places the crowningand concaving means out of operation, as for grinding straight rolls, by disengaging gear 72 from gear 73 splined to shaft 54. This gear 73 is splined to shaft 54 for driving said shaft and this shaft also has a worm 53 fixed thereto which drives the worm gear 52 on the cam shaft 42 at a speed determinable by the arrangement of the change speed gearmg. t

With the gear 66 in the position indicated in solid lines in Fig. 4 and with the gear 70 in the position indicated in broken lines gears 72, -73 to shaft 54. To obtain high a speed back gear 66 is thrown out of engagement'with the gears on the drive shaft and gear 70 is placed in the solid line position on shaft 65whereupon the drive will be direct from shaft 62 through gears 71, 70,

shaft 65 and gears 72, 73 to shaft 54. Other arrangements of gearing will afiord still other speeds. vides for accuracy in grinding or conc'aving to a given size for the reason that the motion The arrangement shown pro transmitted from the chan e gearing to the cam shaft is positive and t ere is no chance for slippage. This also insures accuracy in grinding the maximum height of crown or the maximum depth of. concavity at the longitudinal center of the roll.

The machine is provided with means for changing the position of the cam shaft for either crowning or concaving it or for positioning it to give a maximum crowning efl'ect. Such mechanism comprises a crank (not shown) adapted to be positioned on the reduced end portion 79 of the shaft 54 for turning the shaft in order to cause the worm 53 to turn the worm wheel 52 and the shaft 42 and so change the phase of operation of the cam shaft as to change the action from crowning to concaving or vice versa by change from one of cams 40, 41 to the other, or to maximum crowning by use of cam in the opposite position to that used for concaving. To indicate the correct positions of the cams and the shaft for different effects I have provided a pointer 80 on a disk 81 at the outer end of the camshaft co-acting with radial lines provided with proper indicia for signifying to the workman when he has turned the crank suificiently to bring the camshaft into the position for producin the effect desired. At this time the lever 6 must be turned to lisengage the gearing and permit the shaft 7 9 to turn backward.

In order to grind a concave surface on a roll the proper cam shaft speed must be determined and the proper combination of change ears for such speed can readily be found y means of an appropriate gear table showing the necessary arran ement for producing the desired concavity for a given length of work. The wheel carriage 13 is low moved to bring the wheel 17 to a position midway of the length of the roll. In order to set the lift cam 40 which is the cam preferably used in concaving the change gearing must be disconnected by means of the lever 76. The lift cam is now set for concaving by turning shaft 54 with a wrench or crank until the pointer 80 on the cam shaft 42 point to the concaving line when the roller 39 will engage heart cams 40 about midway between the apex and the base cleft thereof. In this position the contact line of the cam with the follower 39 is midway between its high and low points, the axes of the wheel, the work and the fulcrum lie in the same planes and the grinding wheel is half-way across the surface ofthe roll.

When the grinding operation begins and the wheel carriage startsits traversing motion the camshaft 42 and the cam 40 will begin to revolve thereby moving the grinding wheel 17 above or below the work center just enough to change its relative distance from the axis ofv the work sufiiciently to produce the desired contour of the work. When the carriage movement reverses the rotation of the cam is also reversed in direction by reason of the connection of the cam shaft 42 to the carriage drivin mechanism illustrated in Fig. 3 and the wheel now reverses its path across the roll.

In grinding a concave surface the grinding wheel rises from a position below the work center to a position at an equal distance above the center (or vice versa) while moving from one end to the other and then travels back to its original position of elevation or depression when the carriage 13 returns to its original position. In this way the wheel bears with a constant tension on the work, since a line passing through the continuously downward in traversing back to the first-named end of the work instead of moving up for one part of the length of the work and down over the other part. In the latter case, assuming the direction of rotation of the wheel and work to be as indicated by arrows, there will be no change of relative speed at the point of engagement of the two during traverse from one end to the other whereas it will be evident that if the wheel rose during one part of the traverse and descended during the other there would be some lost motion in the drive due to its holding back in the downward action and pulling when raising the wheel which would change the grinding cut slightly with each traverse reversal.

Cam 41 is the crowning cam and when a roll is to be ground with a crown surface by the use of said cam it should be set so that the pointer 80 points to the crowning line. The cam being in this position the wheel base is dropped to its lowest point, e. g. a point farthest from the high point of the cam in Fig. 6, it being understood that the distance from the high point varies according to the length of the work. The grinding wheel is now positioned at a point half-way across the surface of the roll. The lift for crowning varies from the lowest point to a point slightly below a horizontal plane passing through A length position of the roll is reached, the fol- "lower fia now passing the low. part of the :heart'cam .andbeing'caused to rise by further vvmarked maximum crown. At this time the ,nose ofthe cam40 is in contact with the roller 39 and the grinding wheel is at its highest point and at a point midway of the length of the roll The movement of the cam 40 in grinding a crown surface is just the opposite of that of cam 41 for grinding a similar surface in that the wheel 17 which has been set Lt its highest position mid-length of the work moves downward as the carriage moves toward the'end of the work, then moves upward as the carriage returns to the middle position and then moves downward again as the carriage passes beyond the mid-point of its traverse toward the other end of the work. It will be recalled that at this time the cam 40 is in the reverse position to that shown in Fig. 5 and oscillates so that the follower 39 moves down the cam in opposite directions from" the apex during movements of the carriage to right or left of a point mid-length of the work. In this way, the crowning action is increased over th'atpreviously described.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in my device without departing from the spirit of the invention and therefore ll do not limit myself to what is shown in the drawings and described in the specification but'only as indicated in the appended claims.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new an desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A roll grinding machine comprising a grinding wheel, a work holder, means for memes traverse of the grinding wheel and the work holder whereby the depth of concavity or convexity on the work may be varied in proportion to the length of the work or to cause equal reduction in Work of difi'erent lengths, substantially as set forth.

2. A roll grinding machine including a grinding wheel, a work holder, means for causing a'relative traverse between them, a

base pivoted to permit the wheel to swing tangential to the work, cam followers on the base, a cam shaft carrying a pair of oppositely mounted cams for each follower, means for causing simultaneous engagement of each follower With a cam of slmllar form, manually operable means for holding the follower out of engagement with the said cams to permit shift-ing of the cam follower from one cam to a cam of opposite position, means for rotating the cam shaft in timed relation with the relative traverse of the grinding wheel and the work holder, and change speed gearing for changing the speed of rotation of the cam shaft with respect to the relative traverse of the work holder and grinding wheel,

substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Waynesboro', Pennsylvania, this twenty-thirdday of February, A. D. nineteen hundred and twenty-six.

PAUL STONER. 

